Substation



Fell 5, 1935 R. E. ANDERSON 1,989,782

M@ iz/MW @j Feb. 5, 1935. R. E. ANDERsoN SUBSTATION Filed Jan. 16, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 F eb. 5, 1935. 1,989,782

R. E. ANDERSON SUBSTATION Filed Jan. 16, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 CFI Patented Feb. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE sUBs'rA'rIoN Application January 16, 1931, Serial No. 509,058

15 Claims.

This invention relates in general to electric switching stations, and it is one of the objects of the invention to provide improved power switching arrangements for controlling the distribution of power at a distribution station, especially when located outdoors.

I propose to divide each bay of an outdoor switching station into two substantially similar sections each having a stationary polyphase bus which extends through the corresponding sections of each bay. Each of the sections is provided with a polyphase switching bus which is located beneath the stationary bus and carries switches that are adapted to engage contacts on the stationary bus. Each switching bus supplies current to a feeder, and switching means are provided for connecting together the corresponding phase conductors of the switching busses in the two sections of each bay. The switching busses of the two sections are preferably located in alignment to simplify the switching action. By this arrangement it is possible to isolate one half of a bay at a time thus giving access to the Various busses and switches in the isolated section. By this arrangement it is also possible to isolate two feeders in the same bay. l

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a switching station of the character above set forth wherein the stationary polyphase busses in the two sections of the bays while normally isolated from one another may be connected together through a circuit breaker. Since either of the feeders of each section of every bay may be connected to either of the stationary busses this arrangement provides means for substituting 4this circuit breaker for the circuit breaker in any feeder as may be necessary for inspection or repair purposes. In this way full circuit protection is not sacrificed during the time that the regular breaker is out of service.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved switch which includes means for actuating the bus switching means and means for tying together the busses of the two sections of a bay, all by the use of a minimum number of insulators.

The attainment of the above and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a schematic single line diagram showing the connections in a. plurality of bays of the present switching system, one phase only of each bay being shown;

Figure 2 is an end View of a portion of the switching station, only two bays beingy shown;

Figure 3 is a side View of the switching station, taken along the line 3 3 of Figure 2 and showing two sections of one bay; f

Figure 4 is a top view of the switching station; and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the bus tie disconnect switch.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 1 I have shown the circuit connections for three bays of a switching station. Each bay comprises two sections displaced horizontally from one another. A stationary bus 1 extends through corresponding sections of all of the bays and a stationary bus 2 extends through the other corresponding section of the bays. Each bus comprises three spaced conductors, one for each phase, one U only of the conductors being indicated in Figure 1.

One of the bays is indicated as a bus tie bay and includes only switching connections for connecting the two busses l and 2 in the respective sections of the bays. tie bay is provided with a polyphase rotatable bus located below the respective busses l and 2 and extending at right angles thereto. The rotatable busses in this bay are indicated at 5 and 6. Each of these busses is mounted for axial I rotation and carries a switch for restablishing engagement with the corresponding stationary bus. The switch '7 is mounted upon the rotatable bus 5 and is actuated thereby to establish connections with a contact 8 on the bus 1 whereas the switch 9 is similarly mounted upon the rotatable bus 6 and is actuated thereby to establish connections with a contact 10 on the bus 2. A circuit breaker 11 is provided for interconnecting the rotatable busses 5 and 6 whereby f1 these busses may be actuated to interconnect the busses 1 and 2.

In bay No. 2 there is provided two rotatable busses 15 and 16 similar to the busses 5 and 6 and provided with switches 17 and 19 for establishing connections with the busses 1 and 2 respectively. An outgoing feeder or line l2 is adapted to be connected to the rotatable bus 16 by means of a disconnect switch 13 or, as an alternative, by means of a circuit breaker 14 and two disconnect switches 2() and 21. Since the switch 13 by-passes the circuit breaker it is apparent that the circuit breaker may be connected into or removed from the feeder circuit without interrupting the circuit connection. If the circuit Each section of the bus breaker is connected in the feeder circuit and it is desired to remove the same from the circuit the disconnect switch 13 is first closed to short circuit the breaker 14 and thereafter the disconnect switches 20 and 21 are opened. Conversely, if the circuit breaker is to be introduced into the circuit when the feeder is connected to the rotatable bus 15'then the disconnect switches 20 and 21 are first closed, the circuit breaker 14 being in its circuit closing position, and thereafter the disconnect switch 13 is opened.

A feeder 22 is adapted to be connected to the rotatable bus 16 by switching connections similar to those provided in connection with the feeder 12 as above set forth. The rotatable busses 15 and 16 may be interconnected independently of the busses 1 and 2 by means of a disconnect switch 25.

Bay 3 is shown as having only one feeder circuit indicated at 30. yThis feeder circuit is adapted to be connected to a rotatable bus 26 by means of disconnect switches and/or a circuit breaker such as has been previously described in connection with the feeder 12. A rotatable bus is provided, said bus being similar to the bus 5. The busses 25 and 26 are connected together by means of a jumper indicated at 27. The bus 25' is provided with a disconnect switch that is actuated thereby upon rotation of the bus to` establish connections with the bus 1, whereas the bus 26 is provided with a disconnect switch that is actuated upon rotation thereof `to establish connections with the bus 2.

The switching station herein shown includes one bus tie bay provided with a circuit breaker for establishing connections between the busses 1 and 2, and it includes a plurality of feeder bays. I have herein shown, for illustrative purposes, one feeder bay having two outgoing circuits and one feeder bay having only one outgoing circuit. This is merely illustrative of the principles of my invention. The switching station may be provided with any number of bays having two outgoing feeders and any number of bays having one outgoing feeder. In a like manner, while I have herein termed the feeders as outgoing feeders the invention is not limited thereto since any one or more of the feeders may be an incoming feeder supplying power from a generating station or the like, or any of the feeders may be an electric line of any kind.

Before proceeding with an explanation of the mechanical connections and arrangements of the various switches and busses a description will be given of the switching connections possible in a system such as above set forth. Consider the feeders 12 and 22 as typical. The feeder 12 may be connected through its circuit breaker 14 to the bus 1 and the feeder 22 may be connected through its circuit breaker to the bus 2, both of said feeders being disconnected from one another. Likewise both of the feeders may be connected together by means of the feeder tie switch 25 sok that one feeder supplies power to the other independently of the busses 1 and 2. It is also apparent that by means of the disconnect switches 17 and 19 the two connected feeders may be connected either to the bus 1 or to the bus 2 to receive power from or to transmit power to those busses. It is also possible to effect switching connections to substitute the bus tie circuit breakerv 11 for any one of the feeder breakers 14. Assume it is desired to supply power to the feeder 22 from the bus 1 with the circuit breaker 11 substituted for the circuit breaker 14 inthe feeder circuit 22. To accomplish this end the busses 1 and 2 are connected together by the circuit breaker 11, the switch 25 is left open, and the switches 17 and 19 are closed. If the power is being supplied from bus 1 then the circuit will extend from this bus through the switch 7 and rotatable bus 5, to the circuit breaker 11, rotatable bus 6, switch 9, bus 1, and thence by way of the switch 19 to the rotatable bus 16 and the feeder 22. It is to be understood that only one feeder at a time will be connected to the bus 2 when this bus is being supplied with current from the bus 1 by way of the circuit breaker 11.

If power is being supplied to the bus 2 rather than to the bus 1 and it is desired to eiect a connection with the feeder 22 substituting the circuit breaker 11 for the circuit breaker 14 in this feeder circuit then the disconnect switch 19 is left open, the switch 25 is closed, and the bus switch 17 is closed. The bus switches 7 and 9 are also closed to connect the circuit breaker between the busses 1 and 2. Power is now being fed to the feeder 22 from the bus 2 by way of the circuit breaker 11, switch 7, bus 1, disconnect switch 17, and switch 25.

Reference may now be had more particularly to Figures 2, 3 and 4 showing the physical layout of the busses, the circuit breakers, and the disconnect switches. These figures show two bays of a switching station, it being understood that as many bays as are necessary may be provided.

The bus supporting structure comprises a truss steel tower which, in so far as the present invention is concerned, may be of any preferred construction. In general, the supporting structure comprises sets of vertical supporting members 40--41 and intermediate vertical members 42, all interconnected by horizontal members 44 which extend between the vertically extending members 40; horizontal members 45 which extend between the vertically extending members 41; members 46 which extend between the vertical members 42, and members 47 which extend between the vertical sections 40 and 41.

The vertical column 42 divides the switching station into two similar sections indicated at A and B. The two sections are substantially smilar and a description of one is applicable to the other. The polyphase bus l comprises three phase conductors indicated at 50, 51 and 52 lying in the same horizontal plane and supported by insulators 54 that are mounted upon the truss steel member 47. Each of the three phase conductors extends through all of the A sections of the respective bays and is supported by the upright insulators extending from the horizontal members 47. Each of the bus conductors may comprise a hollow copper pipe and the mechanical continuity of the pipe may be broken between certain of the bays to allow for expansion or contraction of the pipe with temperature changes. However, where the mechanical continuity is broken, the electrical continuity is to be maintained, as by means of jumpers or the like. The bus 2, comprising phase conductors 56, 57, and 58, extends through the various B sections of the respective bays, being supported in a manner similar to that of bus 1 with its conductors extending in the same horizontal plane as the phase conductors of bus 1.

An oil circuit breaker 60, of the three phase type, is mounted in the bus tie bay preferably midway between the two sections of the bay. It is however to be understood that the invention is not limited to any particular kind of circuit breaker nor to any particular location thereof except as pointed out in the appended claims.

The rotatable polyphase bus 5 comprises three phase conductors indicated at 62,' 63, and 64. These three conductors are located in the same plane and extend at right angles to the bus 1 and are located beneath thisbus. These bus conductors may comprise hollow copper pipes and are mounted for axial rotation. 'I'hey are supported at one end by a set of insulators indicated at 66 and are supported at their other end by a set of insulators indicated at 67. The insulators 66 are supported by the truss member 44, extending downwardly therefrom, whereas the insulators 67 are supported by the horizontal truss member 46 and extend upward therefrom. The insulators 66 support a suitable bearing at their lower end and the conductors of the bus 5 are Journaled in the respective bearings to permit free rotation therein. The insulators 67 are mounted for axial rotation and include a gear housing or the like at the top thereof, said gear housing being journaled on the insulator so as to permit rotation of the insulator without rotation of the gear housing. The bus conductors 62, 63, and 64 extend into the respective gear housings and hold the housings against rotation upon rotation of the insulators. Suitable gearing is located within the gear housings so that upon rotation of the insulators 67 the bus conductors 62, 63, and 64 are axially rotated. The manner of rotating the bus conductors is similar to that employed in connection with the rotatable bus 15 which will be described as the description proceeds. 'I'he respective bus conductors of the bus 5 have a switch blade 7 mounted thereon and cooperating with a contact 8 mounted upon the corresponding bus conductors of the bus 1. This switch and contact arrangement may be of any desired construction. One form of switch and contact suitable in this connection is shown in the pending application of Elias S. Corneliussen, Serial No. 340,299, filed February 15, 1929. Another, and preferred form, is shown in the pending application of Joseph Rah, Manfred Stene and Elias S. Cornell (formerly Corneliussen), Ser. No. 509,378, filed January 17, 1931, to whichreference may be had for a further description of the preferred form of switch. In so far as the broad principles of the present invention are concerned, any form of switch and contact may be used.

One terminal of the various poles of the oil circuit breaker 60 is connected to the respective phase conductors of the bus 5. In section B of the bus tie bay there is mounted a polyphase rotatable bus 6 which is located in the same plane as the bus 5 with the corresponding bus conductors in alignment. This bus 6 is mounted in the same manner as is the bus 5 and is rotatable to establish connections between the bus conductors 6 and the corresponding conductors of the bus 2. The opposite terminals of the respective poles of the oil circuit breaker 11 are connected to the respective phase conductors of the bus 6. It is thus apparent that the oil circuit breaker may be used to interconnect the two busses 5 and 6 and through them to interconnect the two busses 1 and 2 that extend through the sections A and B of all of the bays.

A description will now be given of the arrangement and layout of parts in one of the feeder bays and for this purpose I will choose a bay wherein two feeders terminate. Each of the respective feeder conductors l2 terminates at a switching unitcomprising four insulators indicated at 71, 72, 73, and 74. The insulator 71 is stationary whereas the remaining insulators are axially rotatable. A switch blade 13 is mounted upon the insulator 74 and is rotated thereby into and out of engagement with a contact supported by the stationary insulator 71. A switch blade 20 is secured to the base of the insulator 72 and is rotated thereby into engagement with a contact upon the same stationary insulator 71, both of said contacts being electrically connected together. The blade 21 is secured to the base of the insulator 73 and is rotated thereby into and out of engagement with a. contact supported at the base of the insulator 74. Although the insulator 74 is rotatable the contact at the base thereof is held against rotation by the bus conductors 15, said contact being supported by means including a suitable bearing so as to permit rotation of the insulator 74 without producing rotation of the contact thereon that is engageable by the blade 20. 'I'he two terminals of each pole of the circuit breaker 14 extend to the terminals at the base of the insulators 72 and 73 of the corresponding phase switches, being connected to the corresponding blades 20 and 2l of the respective phases. The feeder conductors are connected to the terminals at the base of the insulators 71. It is thus apparent that a circuit may be extended between the feeder conductors 12 and the rotatf able busses l5 either through the disconnect switches 13 or through the disconnect switch 20, the oil circuit breaker 14, and the disconnect switch 21. The arrangement is preferably such that the two insulators 72 and 73 of all three phases are simultaneously rotated and the insulators 74 of all three phases are likewise simultaneouslyrotated. This is usual in gang operated switches. From the above description it is apparent that these disconnect switches and the marmer of actuating them is the same as that of the corresponding switches in the pending application of Elias S. Corneliussen, Henry D. Freitag, and Philip Sporn, Serial No. 326,928, led December 19, 1928, and in the application of Elias S. Corneliussen, Serial No. 340,299, filed February 15, 1929, to which reference may be had for a further description if desired.

As previously stated, the rotatable bus conductors 15 are each supported in a suitable bearby means of a suitable bearing so as to permit rotation of the insulator without producing a corresponding rotation in the bearing structure 75. The bus conductor 15 holds the bearing structure and its associated contacts from rotation with the insulator 74 as a unit.

At its opposite end each of the rotatable bus conductors 15 is supported by an insulator 80 which is one insulator of a three insulator switch. The insulator is mounted upon a base 81 and is itself axially rotatable. At the top of the insulator is mounted a suitable gear housing 8l by means of a bearing so as to permit rotation of the insulator 80 without producing a corresponding rotation of the housing as a unit. The bus conductor 15 extends into the housing 81 and thereby holds the housing against rotation with its supporting insulator 80. Suitable gears within the housing 8l are rotated by the insulator 80 to rotate the bus conductor 15. This gearing may comprise merely a set of bevel gears in mesh with one `another, one of the gears being keyed to the insulator 80 and the other to the bus 15. The insulator 80 may be rotated in any preferred manner known in the art and, since the manner of rotating this insulator formsno part of the present invention it has not been illustrated. It may be stated that I prefer to have the corresponding insulators 80 of the three phases gang operated. The blade 17 that 'is mounted upon one of the rotatable bus conductors 15 is adapted to establish a connection with'a contact mounted upon the conductor bus50 of the bus 1; the switch 17 that is mounted upon another rotatable bus conductor 15 is adapted to establish connections with the contact mounted upon the bus conductor 51 of the bus l; and the switch that is mounted upon the third rotatable bus conductor of the bus 15 is ladapted to establish connections with the bus conductor 52 of the bus 1. The rotatable bus conductors of the bus 15 are rotatable through an angle of approximately 120 degrees from the switch openposition to the switch closed position, as is more fully described in the pending application of Joseph Rah, Manfred Stene, and

Elias S. Corneliussen, above referred to.

The feeder 22 terminates at the opposite end of this same bay and is provided with switching connections similar, to those above described in connection with the feeder 12, for establishing connections with the rotatable bus 16 which is adapted to be rotated by a rotatable insulator 80 similar to the insulator 80. The insulators 80 and 80 constitute two of three insulators of a bus tie disconnect switch 25, the third insulator of this switch being indicated at 90. This third insulator is rotatably mounted upon the base 81 and supports at its opposite end, a switch blade 92 that is adapted to engageV contacts carried upon the insulators 80 and 80. The insulators 80 and 80 are rotatable independently of one another and independently of the rotation of the central insulator 90. f

From the above description it is apparent that the double break disconnect switches 25 that are inserted between the sets of bus selector blades such as the blades 17 and 19 make it possible to isolate one end of a bay at a time, thus giving access to the bus selector blades and busses in either end of the bays. Also, it serves to isolate two feeders inthe same bay so that the circuit breaker for either may be removed from service for inspection or repair purposes after the test breaker 11 has been substituted for it. In this way full circuit protection is not sacriced during the time that any one regular circuit breaker of a feeder circuit is out of service.

A double break switch such as the switch 25 is not ordinarily required for use with the bus tie breaker 11 since this is a spare breaker and should never require by-passing. It can of course be isolated by the bus selector blades 17-19 or the corresponding blades in any of the other bays.

The saving in insulators in a switching station having a exibility such as is here had may be readily comprehended when it is realized that only four insulators per phase are necessary for the rotatable busses and theswitching means in the bus tie bay. Only eleven insulators per phase are necessary to accomplish the switching action in the double feeder circuit bays. Only seven insulators per phase are necessary to accomplish the switching action in the single feeder circuit bays. y

The single feeder circuit bays have a feeder extending. from' only one section thereof. 'The other section thereof is arranged substantially the same as is the corresponding section of the bus tie bay; that is, the four insulators 71, 72, 73, and

74 and the corresponding switches are omitted and only one insulator, corresponding to the insulators 74 or 66is used for supporting the rotatable bus member.

In compliance with the requirements of the patent statutes I have herein shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention. It is however to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise construction and layout herein shown but is capable of modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the embodiment of the invention herein shown being merely illustrative of the broad principles of my invention.

What I consider as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: I I

1. A polyphase switching station comprising a plurality of bays, a polyphase bus extending through all the bays and comprising one conductor for each phase, a second polyphase bus also comprising one conductor for each phase and also extending through all the bays parallel to the rst mentioned bus and spaced therefrom in a horizontal direction, each bay having la set of movable busses including switching means mounted on the movable busses and cooperating with the first mentioned bus and also a set of movable busses including switching means cooperating with the second bus, and switching means for connecting the corresponding bus conductors of the two movable busses. f

2. A polyphase switching station comprising a plurality of bays, a polyphase bus extending through al1 the bays and comprising one conductor for each phase, a second polyphase bus also comprising one conductor for each phase and also extending through all the bays parallel to the rst mentioned bus and spaced therefrom in a horizontal direction, each bay having a set of movable busses including switching means cooperating with the first mentioned bus and also a set of movable bussesincluding switching means cooperating with the second bus, the corresponding bus conductors of the two movable bus members being located in alignment. j

3. A polyphase switching station comprising a plurality of bays, a polyphase vbus extending through all the bays and comprising one conductor for each phase, a second polyphase bus also comprising one conductor for each phase and also extending through all the bays parallel to the first mentioned bus and spaced therefrom in a horizontal direction, each bay having a set of movable busses including switching means cooperating with the first mentioned bus and also a set of movable busses, including switching means cooperating with the second bus, the corresponding bus conductors' of the two movable bus members being located in alignment, and switching means located between the aligned movable busses for connecting corresponding conductors of the two movable busses.

4. A polyphase switching station comprisinga plurality of bays, a polyphase bus extending through all the bays and comprising one conductor for each phase, a second polyphase bus also comprising one conductor for each phase and also extending through all the bays parallel to the first mentioned bus and spaced therefrom in a horizontal direction, yeach bay having a set of movable busses including switching means cooperating with the rst mentioned bus and also a set of movable busses including switching means cooperating with the second bus the corresponding bus conductors of the two movable bus members being located in alignment, switching means located between the aligned movable busses for connecting corresponding conductors of the two movable busses, and an outgoing bus connected to each movable bus.

5. An electric switching station comprising a plurality of bays each comprising two sections in horizontally spaced relationship, and a polyphase bus in each section, each of said busses extending into the corresponding sections of all the bays, each section including a rotatable polyphase bus disposed below the other bus in the section and including switching means for establishing connections with said other bus in the same section, the rotatable busses in the two sections of each bay being in alignment.

6. An electric switching station comprising a plurality of bays each comprising two sections in horizontally spaced relationship, a polyphase bus in each section, each of said busses extending into the corresponding sections of all the bays, each section including a rotatable polyphase bus disposed below the other bus in the section and including switching means for establishing connections with said other bus in the same section, the rotatable busses in the two sections of each bay being in alignment, and switching means for connecting the two polyphase rotatable busses.

'1. An electrical switching station comprising a pair of separate movable aligned busses extending crosswise of the station, switching means between adjacent ends of the busses for connecting them together, switches mounted on the busses, and additional busses spaced from the movable busses and connected therebto by the switches on the movable busses.

8. An electrical switching station comprising a pair of separate movable aligned busses extending crosswise of the station, switching means between adjacent ends of the busses for connecting them together, outgoing lines terminating at the station adjacent the opposite ends of the busses, switching means connecting said opposite ends of the busses with the adjacent lines, switches mounted on the busses, and additional busses spaced from the movable busses and connected thereto by the switches on the movable busses.

9. An electric switching station including a power transmitting line and switching means at one side of the station, a line and switching means at the other side of the station, movable busses extending toward one another from each of said switching means, and means electrically connecting said busses together.

10. An electric switching station comprising a plurality of bays, one of said bays including a circuit breaker; another bay including a power transmitting line and switching means at one side of the station, and a line and switching means at the other side of the station; movable busses extending toward one another from each of said switching means, and means electrically connecting said busses together, said last named means comprising the circuit breaker in one bay and a disconnect switch in another bay.

11. A switching station comprising a pair of polyphase busses, the corresponding phase conductors being in alignment, switching means for electrically connecting the corresponding phase conductors of the busses together, and switch blades mounted on the respective phase conductors of the busses.

12. A switching station comprising a pair of polyphase busses, the corresponding phase conductors being in alignment, switching means for electrically connecting the corresponding phase conductors of the busses together, and switch blades mounted on the respective phase conductors of the busses, the blades on the respective conductors of a bus being staggered with respect to one another.

13. An electrical switching station comprising a pair of separate movable aligned busses extending crosswise of the station, switching means between adjacent ends of the busses for connecting them together, switches mounted on the busses, and additional busses spaced from the movable busses, said last mentioned busses extending at right angles to said rst mentioned busses.

14. An electric switching station comprising a plurality of bays, two parallel and horizontally displaced busses each extending through all of the bays, a pair of switching busses in each bay for the respective first mentioned busses, said switching busses extending transversely of the first mentioned busses and displaced horizontally from one another to permit access to either switching bus in a bay without danger from the other switching bus in the bay, means for establishing and disestablishing circuit connections between the two switching busses in the same bay, and switching means on each switching bus for establishing circuit connections with the associated one of the two rst mentioned busses.

15. An electric switching station comprising a plurality of bays, two busses each extending through all of the bays, a pair of switching busses in each bay for the respective first mentioned busses, said switching busses extending transversely of the rst mentioned busses, means for etablishing and disestablishing circuit connections between the two switching busses in the same bay, and switching means on each switching bus for establishing circuit connections with the associated one of the two first mentioned busses, each switching bus having an insulator supporting it independently of the other switching busses and rotatable for actuating its switching means.

RUSSELL E. ANDERSON. 

